dmesg命令 – 显示开机过程信息
dmesg命令来自英文词组“display message”的缩写,其功能是用于显示开机过程信息。Linux系统内核会将开机过程信息存储在环形缓冲区(ring buffer)中,随后再写入到/var/log/dmesg文件里,如果开机时来不及查看这些信息,则可以利用dmesg命令进行调取。
语法格式:dmesg [参数]
常用参数:
-c | 清空环形缓冲区中的内容 |
-d | 显示信息时间差 |
-D | 禁止向终端输出信息 |
-E | 启用向终端输出信息 |
-H | 以更易读的格式输出信息 |
-k | 显示内核信息 |
-l | 设置输出级别 |
-L | 显示彩色信息 |
-n | 设置记录信息的层级 |
-r | 显示原生消息缓冲区信息 |
-s | 设置环形缓冲区的大小 |
-t | 不显示消息时间戳 |
-T | 显示易读的时间戳格式 |
-u | 显示用户空间消息 |
-w | 等待新消息 |
--help | 显示帮助信息 |
--version | 显示版本信息 |
参考示例
显示全部的系统开机过程信息:
[root@linux-arae-cc ~]# dmesg
显示与指定硬盘设备相关的开机过程信息:
[root@linux-arae-cc ~]# dmesg | grep sda
[ 5.065202] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] 41943040 512-byte logical blocks: (21.5 GB/20.0 GiB)
[ 5.065253] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[ 5.065255] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[ 5.065396] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 5.069757] sda: sda1 sda2
[ 5.083650] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
[ 8.379578] XFS (sda1): Mounting V5 Filesystem
[ 9.009002] XFS (sda1): Ending clean mount
显示与内存相关的开机过程信息:
[root@linux-arae-cc ~]# dmesg | grep memory
[ 0.000000] Base memory trampoline at [(____ptrval____)] 98000 size 24576
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x0009e000-0x0009efff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x0009f000-0x0009ffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000a0000-0x000dbfff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000dc000-0x000fffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x7fee0000-0x7fefefff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x7feff000-0x7fefffff]
[ 0.033593] Freeing SMP alternatives memory: 32K
[ 1.716349] Freeing initrd memory: 26068K
[ 1.893488] Non-volatile memory driver v1.3
[ 2.374146] Freeing unused kernel memory: 2348K
[ 2.382073] Freeing unused kernel memory: 2020K
[ 2.382772] Freeing unused kernel memory: 280K
[ 4.604351] [drm] Max dedicated hypervisor surface memory is 0 kiB
[ 4.604352] [drm] Maximum display memory size is 262144 kiB
[ 4.606362] [TTM] Zone kernel: Available graphics memory: 1006652 kiB
清空环形缓冲区中的已有日志内容:
[root@linux-arae-cc ~]# dmesg -c